Introduction. The considered several works explore the question of electromagnetic resonance ferrite and dielectric resonators, the influence of electrodynamics system on the spectrum of magnetostatic oscillations ferrite resonator, the influence of metal wall on the spectrum of cylindrical dielectric resonator vibrations. Calculations of the electromagnetic field ferrite-dielectric resonator. The expressions for the components of the electromagnetic field outside the ferrite resonator for dielectric spectrum of fluctuations are obtained explicitly. The dependence of components of the external electromagnetic field on the coordinates r and ? for the main type of dielectric fluctuations spherical dielectric resonator H110 is calculated. The graphs of these dependencies are constructed. The comparison of expressions for the components of the electromagnetic field outside the ferrite resonator for dielectric spectrum fluctuations is conducted. These components are calculated using the technique of electromagnetic field excitation polarization currents with known expressions obtained by other methods. Conclusions. The investigation of the electromagnetic field ferrite resonator structure as a particular case of ferrite-dielectric resonator is conducted. The investigation of the external electromagnetic fields structure is carried out for the case of the main type of dielectric fluctuations using the method of calculating the excitation polarization currents of these fields. Polarization currents are found from the expression for the internal electromagnetic fields for basic type oscillation of ferrite resonator H110.

Introduction. Beside the spatial coordinates of the target, Pulse-Doppler radar measures its radial velocity, which allows effective selection of moving targets, as well as their tracking. In solving problems of secondary processing of radar data due to the Pulse-Doppler radar the parameters of maneuvers which the target makes are usually unknown. Therefore the synthesis of an adaptive trajectory filtering is of great practical importance. In this article optimal and quasi-optimal adaptive filtering algorithms of the maneuvering target motion parameters due to the Pulse-Doppler radar are synthesized on the base of a mixed Markov processes apparatus in discrete time. Problem statement. The system model of maneuvering target in the cartesian coordinate system and the linearized measurement equation are presented. Theoretical justification. In this section optimal and quasi-optimal adaptive filtering algorithms of the maneuvering target motion parameters are synthesized. Their implement device belongs to a class of devices with feedback between the channels. The algorithms also calculate posterior probabilities of the maneuvers types. Simulation results. Analysis of the quasi-optimal adaptive algorithm is carried out as an example of tracking maneuvering targets with three types of maneuvers using the statistical modeling. Conclusions. The actual target location errors are in good agreement with the errors calculated adaptive filter. The developed algorithm can correctly identify types of motion with a high probability.

Purpose. Present work is dedicated to the optimal configuration selection and training method of neural network (NN). This NN is architecture's element of modified NN ensemble accepted by authors for implementation of frequency-selective microwave devices design algorithms. Optimal configuration determining of NN. Optimal configuration determining of NN was received by analyzing the results of test NN training with different number of layers and neurons in these layers. The main parameters optimal configuration determining of NN is the approximation quality and total learning time. Choosing of optimal teaching method. NN training methods comparison was carried out for 7 popular training methods: Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation, BFGS quasi-Newton backpropagation, Bayesian regulation backpropagation, Conjugate gradient backpropagation with Powell-Beale restarts, Gradient descent backpropagation, Gradient descent with momentum backpropagation and Resilient backpropagation. Conclusions. NN using allows to approximate complex features of microwave devices, such as frequency dependencies of S – parameters etc. The approximation accuracy depends on configuration and method of NN training. Increasing the number of NN layers leads to improvement of approximate characteristics. According to our results the most effective is usage of 4 layers and the number of neurons in each layer should be over the range 10 to 20. Optimal training method for complex characteristics is Bayesian regulation backpropagation, for time training reduction can be used Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation.

Introduction. The basic setting of nonlinear radio-locator (NR) in the field of technical guarding is the searching, identification and localization of radio-electronic mortgage devices - semiconductor nonlinear scatterers (NS). Statement of the problem. The NR efficiency increasing is possible by minimization of such factors influence as: presence of obstacle structures "metal-oxide-metal" (???-structures) in the investigated medium and presence of parasitic directional pattern lobe of emitting antenna. The analysis of nonlinear scatterers secondary unmasking features is considered. All possible regularities of the course of the phenomena and processes in the investigated medium, that are the consequence of nonlinear areas of NS semiconductor structures characteristics change (distortion) under sounding radiation, are considered. Principal part. Researches showed that theoretically discovered effective radius change effect of nonlinear products dispersion of nonlinear scatterer response signal at the varying of nonlinear radio-locator sounding signal (SS) power-level allows to investigate the phenomenon of semiconductor structures characteristics of NS distortion at the action of relatively powerful ultrahigh frequency field. The effective radius change of nonlinear products dispersion of NS response signal at varying of exposing signal power-level is experimentally confirmed, which proves the possibility and expediency of the secondary unmasked features practice use for the search, identification and localization of NS in the technical guarding field: - the area of looping appearance effect on functional dependence of response signal multiple harmonic level from the sounding signal power-level [3]; - effect of processes inertiality of semiconductor structures volt-ampere characteristics distortion [4]; - phenomena of cross-correlation dependence of response signal chaotic state degree from the sounding signal power-level [5]. Conclusion. The effective radius change of nonlinear products dispersion of NS response signal at varying of exposing signal power-level is experimentally confirmed, which proves the possibility and expediency of the secondary unmasked features practice use for the search, identification and localization of NS in the technical guarding field.

Purpose. Present work is devoted to the optimization of metal-dielectric waveguides for practical application in integrated optics. Actuality and practical importance. Such waveguides are a perspective element for creation of variety devices of integrated optics (multichannel splitters, modulators and switches, the filters radiating structures etc.) in various units of integral-optical schemes. Choosing of method. It is shown, that optimization of parameters of planar metal-dielectric waveguide can be performed using the values of phase and group velocities of propagating modes on fixed frequency when solving the return scattering problem on the basis of wave equations. Conclusion. The method of return scattering problem solving that consists in restoration of differential operator from its spectral function make it possible to receive singlemode thin-film metal-dielectric waveguides having the expanded singlemode band regime and the increased cross-section sizes. For verification of results the model experiment with solving of direct problem for obtaining waveguides is executed.

Introduction: Trends of increase of ACS and AIS and their use in everyday life are discussed. The need a voice mode of human interaction with AIS is mentioned. Noticed that network integration of AIS allows to combine their resources and contributes to progress in speech recognition. The emergence of smart phones and their widespread use is the desire to use them as personal voice terminals for access to distributed information networks. Main part: Possibility of use of Android-based personal portable mobile devices (PPMD) like terminals and like autonomous units, as well as possibility of use of Windows-based stationary PC like servers of distributed data-processing system (DDPS) with voice control are considered. Criteria for selection of PPMD and OS of client terminals, as well as requirements DDPS and its structure are formulated. Concept of building of DDPS by "client - server" and "a lot of clients — many servers" technologies are submitted. Concept of a PPMD virtual interface and server virtual interface are offered. Communication between threads within the process of the PPMD virtual interface of client terminal and the interaction between the processes of the client and server in the autonomous mode, as well as in the DDPS mode are considered. The results of experimental tests of the prototype of DDPS when exchanging data between Windows and Android clients, and Windows Server are running; the accuracy and reliability of embedded solutions and scalability of DDPS are confirmed. Conclusions: Modern PPMD on Android OS with can be used as terminal devices for construction on the basis of their different specialized voice control DDPS with technology "client - server" and "a lot of customers - many servers". Unification APIs of PPMD with different OS can be done by implementing a virtual PPMD interface. Exchanging data between processes of DDPS better sell through technology Berkeley sockets, which are supported by most modern operating systems. Exchanging data between threads of individual processes better implement with technology of system messages. Application of these approaches allow to create a scalable DDPS with the number of concurrent clients 100 or more with server by PC with Intel Core i3 CPU and OS Windows XP.

It is shown that the use of direct volume magnetostatic waves (FVMSW) in epitaxial ferrite film can be the basis for convolver construction. A theoretical analysis confirmed that the output signal corresponds to the double compressed in time (because of counter motion waves that carry signals) convolution function at the input signals. Defined expression for calculating signal of convolution, which takes into account the frequency characteristics of a magnetized film as waveguide structure, the sizes of the film and the antenna in form a rectangular loop, the induced voltage which corresponds to the signal convolution. For FVMSW limit signals, beyond which there is an unstable nonlinear phenomena associated with parametric excita-tion of exchange spin waves, tall, can give signals of a higher level and get a good si g-nal/noise ratio for the signal convolution.

Purpose. This paper is dedicated to providing the construct process and control electronic equipment by means of multi-purpose devices developed on the basis of modern information technologies that use virtual space and virtual instrumentation technology. The technology of virtual instrument. Technology acquisition and processing of information in the research process allows using virtual space and virtual instrument technology, combining them with real objects using multi-purpose devices (MPD). Designed MPD are software and hardware systems that can perform the function of measuring and electronic device and issue control signals of different shapes and configurations. Especially programming a virtual appliance. Virtual device based on a personal computer and created in software environment LabVIEW, fundamentally changes the technology re-search and management. The practical relevance of LabVIEW using graphical programming combines research programs with the real world, helping engineers and scientists to visualize theoretical concepts and physical objects implementing them in practical projects. Creation virtual booth for the study of electronic means. Simple user interface is created in the environment of LabVIEW. The front panel displays the virtual instrument that recreates the look of a real device. Thus to perform research it is only required computer skills with the ability to read and indications. Conclusions. Built with the help of virtual appliances MPD helps to ensure full implementation of research and design challenges. The skills with modern instrumentation and electronic equipment, modern principles of research were mastered. It allows to study the action of dangerous and harmful factors without contact with them, remotely to monitor and participate in industrial experiments on expensive electronic equipment.

Paper presents numerical investigation of radiation and matching characteristics of a printed quasi-Yagi antenna and 11x11 2D phased array, based on quasi-Yagi radiating elements. Results were obtained by finite-difference time domain method. The investigation of characteristics basic radiating element of phased array. Calculated matching characteristics and radiation pattern of quasi-Yagi antenna. Also shown mutual coupling between radiating elements by using 1D subarray, which has 9 elements. The investigation of characteristics of phased antenna array, based on printed quasi-Yagi radiating elements. Calculated radiating characteristics of phased antenna array. Determined the possible range scanning of phased array. Investigated applicability of quasi-Yagi radiating elements in building phased antenna arrays. Conclusions. Results of investigation have practical direction in solving the problems of constructing large phased antenna arrays.

The comparison of the iterative process convergence for the EIT inverse problem solving by classical Newton-Raphson method, regularization method by A. Tyhonov and asymmetric current source connection to zones phantom is carried out. Ill-conditionality of the derivatives matrix is shown. It leads to very big errors. The regularization method by A. Tyhonov gives satisfactory results at any position of zones phantom relatively current source connection. Chosen methods for the inverse problem are programmed easy and are convenient in practice, because of their usage with zones conductivities method.

Introduction. The problem of the weak periodic signal detection is very important in the modern radio engineering and communications. The new chaotic systems have been being proposed for the weak signal detection for the last 20 years. The modified Duffing-Holmes system. The modified Duffing-Holmes system detects the weak periodic signals with the minimum signal-to-noise ratio near -91dB. Such result is achieved by means of the system equation with increasing of the equation order. The fractional-order Duffing-Holmes system. The fractional-order Duffing-Holmes systems have been proposed only few years ago. These systems are mostly used in the generation of the fractional chaotic signal which may be used in the secure communications. The modified fractional-order Duffing-Holmes system. In this article the modified fractional-order Duffing-Holmes system is proposed. This system allows increasing the weak-signal sensitivity comparing to the modified Duffing-Holmes system. The proposed weak signal detection system is differed of the modified Duffing-Holmes system by using of the fractional order differential equation instead of the integer order differential equation. Conclusions. The oscillations of the modified fractional order Duffing-Holmes system strongly depend on the fractional order value. As a result the -105dB signal-to-noise ratio for of the weak periodic signals was obtained. The simulation results show that the accurate adjustment of the fractional order leads to the increasing of the detection efficiency

Introduction. The level of desired signals, in some cases, is comparable to the level of in-trinsic noise source in radio and electronic systems. It creates substantial difficulties in the processing of these signals. The problem of the weak signals detecting from the additive mix-ture of signal and noise is characteristic for digital communication. Object of the work. The article is devoted to solving the problem of detecting the weak analog and digital signals on a background of strong noise providing much larger gain in the signal / noise ratio compared to the existing technical solutions. The essence of the new signal processing method is described in this article. The condition for achieving the task is obtain-ing the maximum gain in the signal / noise ratio greater than 50 dB for sensitive amplifier. The advantages of the product, effective for information processing with low power, are described. Conclusions. The dignity of the considered method and devices is a significant weakening of the noise amplifiers and noise input signal (in receiver antenna). It creates conditions for the development of devices and systems with new functionality. Sensitive amplifier can be used for postdetector processing the mixture of signal and noise in digital communication systems, radar, sonar and underwater acoustic communication. Keywords

Introduction: Complex signals with the button ambiguity function can provide the distance and speed of target independent estimation. The signal with the symmetrical linear frequency modulation has this property in the class of signal with frequency modulation. Problem statement: To show that in the class of signals frequency-shift is signal with button ambiguity function. Such signal is a signal with the quadratic frequency intra-modulation. The potential characteristics research of signal with the quadratic frequency intra-modulation: The signal with quadratic frequency modulation and its properties are considered, analytic form of signal and its spectrum are shown, figures of amplitude spectra of signal are drawn, and figures of ambiguity diagram, cross-correlation functions and response ambiguity function in strong and weak fields are shown. The comparison of the signal with the quadratic frequency intra-modulation and the signal with the symmetrical linear frequency modulation are shown. The result of research is that the ambiguity function form of a signal with the quadratic frequency intra-modulation comes nearer to button in the strong correlation field and it has X – for min the weak correlation field. The autocorrelation function of the signal with the quadratic frequency intra-modulation has some constant level which decreases with signal base increasing. It is revealed that autocorrelation function of the signal has no side lobes. It improves resolution capability of a weak signal against the strong signal. The pedestal level of the autocorrelation function of this signal is a little lower than pedestal level of the autocorrelation function of the signal with the symmetrical linear frequency modulation. Properties of section of cross-correlation function to two peaks and effect of these properties are considered. Signals with the quadratic frequency intra-modulation are expedient for using in the sonar of submarines, because in case of submarines detection the case of multiple targets existence is the improbable. Conclusions: Conclusions about advantages and disadvantages of this signal are presented. The advantages are as follows: the autocorrelation function and the cross-correlation function of the signal with the quadratic frequency intra-modulation have no side lobes. The pedestal level of the autocorrelation function has level of smaller 0.1 for a signal with base 50. The cross-correlation function width feebly depends on speed of the target. The disadvantages are as follows: the direction of target movement can't be understood. It is compensated by existence of prior information about the target

Problem statement: The radar monitoring systems are used broadly for the moving object coordinates determination. Errors of the radar navigation systems are random in nature. The optimal estimation methods and algorithms of the aircraft (AC) flight trajectory parameters are used along with application of the statistical estimation theory for the data processing of such monitoring systems. Object of the work: This article deals with AC flight trajectory estimation using the data of a two-position monitoring system with two range-finding radar navigation stations located at the distance of d between them, each of which measures the distances to the aircraft. The influence of the different linearization methods on the trajectory estimation accuracy at the algorithms synthesis of optimal one-step data processing of two-positioned distance-measuring radionavigation system is investigated. The expressions for error statistical characteristics are defined as well as initial values for trajectory estimation algorithms offering an opportunity to provide the correctness of algorithms functioning. Conclusions: Three methods for linearized algorithms synthesis of one-step optimal estimation the aircraft movement trajectory parameters are shown in the work using the measuring results of a two-position range-finding monitoring system. Finally, results of computer modeling are presented and comparative analysis of the accuracy using three different approaches to the trajectory estimation system synthesis is performed. Simple application of each of the synthesized algorithms considered here considerably increases the trajectory evaluation accuracy as compared with the accuracy of the coordinate's calculation without using of optimal methods.

Introduction. The application domains of the radiometric measuring are described and the basic types of radiometers are listed. The best "price – measurement precision" index (in the authors' opinion ) has a Dicke radiometer. The microwave self-noise level of this radiometer very affects on the measurement precision. It is a function of the waveguide devices characteristics, generally, of the microwave switch parameters. Microwave noise sources of the radiometer. A mixer and heterodyne are the basic sources of microwave noises in a radiometer. Analysis of the self-noise influence on the measurement precision of the radiometer with pin-modulator in the switching mode. The considered radiometer involves a pin-diodes switch. The theoretical and experimental investigations show, that the level of microwave noi­se depends on the channels nonidentity of the switch, and also on mismatch of its ports. Abatement of noise is possible due to reduction of the heterodyne noise factor of the radiometer, antennas noise, and also reduction of the input and output switch mismatch factors. Analysis of the self-noise influencing on the measurement precision of the radiometer with pin-modulator in the commutation mode. The results of experimental determination of the basic radiometer characteristics in this mode are described. The main devices of the radiometer waveguide transmission line are analyzed. Their influence on the input power measurement precision is shown. The computation data of the measurement error are cited for the concrete parameters of the microwave devices. In the event that a relation a "signal – noise" equals 1 and the switch coefficient of reflection is 0,35-0,55, the error can equal 18%. It is suggested to decrease considerably this error through an additional ferrite isolator and using the switches with similar waveguide channels. Conclusion. Comparison of the offered methods shows that adding ferrite isolator and using the switch with similar waveguide channels are preferential. That allows ignoring the microwave self-nose influence on the measurement precision.

The approach to the information cloud design through the introduction of homogeneity is presented in the article. The method that is excluding single points of failure is considered in the article. The usage examples and integration of the systems that were developed on the basis of homogeneous redundancy are introduced as well. It was given deterministic finite automaton, which describes the state transitions of the nodes in the cloud. Article also describes the mathematical proof of the method`s reliability. Recursive formula and the exit condition of the recursion were derived, which allow efficient computing of the reliability of the system that depends on the number of nodes. It has been proved that the reliability of the system increases with the number of nodes exponentially.

Introduction: Features of biological impedance meters are listed and requirements for their current sources are formed. Formulation of the problem: A review of existing current sources and puts forward proposals to explore the parameters of some of them and the current source on a fully integrated differential amplifier with active feedback. Methods of research and analysis of the results: Describes the method of measuring the parameters of current sources, critically reviewed the results and recommendations for the use of these sources. Conclusion: The accomplishments and weaknesses of the investigated sources, given ways to improve their parameters are considered.